Services & Conditions Treated

Kidney-related hypertension refers to high blood pressure that is caused by underlying kidney problems. The kidneys play a crucial role in regulating blood pressure by controlling the amount of fluid and sodium in the body. When the kidneys are damaged or not functioning properly, it can lead to hypertension.

There are several kidney conditions that can cause hypertension, including chronic kidney disease, polycystic kidney disease, glomerulonephritis, and renal artery stenosis. Hypertension can also cause kidney damage, leading to a vicious cycle of worsening kidney function and hypertension.

Managing kidney-related hypertension requires a comprehensive approach that addresses both hypertension and underlying kidney issues. Treatment may involve lifestyle modifications, such as adopting a healthy diet, regular exercise, and stress reduction techniques, as well as medication to control blood pressure and manage kidney function. Close monitoring of blood pressure and kidney function is also essential to ensure that treatment is effective and prevents further damage to the kidneys.

Nephrolithiasis, commonly known as kidney stones, occurs when mineral and salt deposits form in the kidneys. These stones can vary in size and cause intense pain as they pass through the urinary tract. Symptoms include back or side pain, blood in urine, frequent urination, and cloudy urine. Dehydration, dietary habits, family history, medical conditions, and certain medications can contribute to stone formation. Diagnosis involves physical examination, urine tests, and imaging tests. Treatment options depend on stone size, location, and symptoms, ranging from the natural passage with increased fluid intake to medication, non-invasive procedures, or surgery. Preventive measures include lifestyle changes and dietary modifications. Consultation with a nephrologist or urologist is essential for accurate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of kidney stones.

Acute kidney injury (AKI), or acute renal failure, is a sudden decline in kidney function characterized by reduced urine output and increased levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN) and creatinine. It can be caused by decreased blood flow to the kidneys, kidney damage, or urinary tract obstruction. Symptoms include decreased urine output, swelling, fatigue, shortness of breath, nausea, confusion, chest pain, and seizures. Diagnosis involves blood and urine tests, and treatment aims to address the underlying cause, support kidney function, and prevent complications. Treatments may include fluid resuscitation, medication adjustments, addressing the underlying cause, and dialysis if necessary. Prompt medical attention is crucial, as AKI outcomes vary depending on the cause and timely intervention.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a progressive condition where kidney function deteriorates over time. It can be caused by factors such as diabetes, high blood pressure, glomerulonephritis, polycystic kidney disease, and other underlying health conditions. CKD may initially have no symptoms but can eventually lead to fatigue, swelling, changes in urination, itching, loss of appetite, and other complications. Diagnosis involves various tests, including blood and urine analysis. Treatment aims to slow down the progression of the disease and manage symptoms through medications, lifestyle changes, dialysis, or kidney transplantation. Close medical supervision and adherence to treatment plans are important for effectively managing CKD and preventing complications.

Electrolyte derangements occur when there are imbalances in the levels of electrolytes in the body. Electrolytes are minerals that have an electric charge and are essential for various bodily functions. Common electrolytes include sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, and bicarbonate.

Electrolyte imbalances can be caused by factors such as dehydration, kidney dysfunction, certain medications, hormonal disorders, gastrointestinal disorders, or critical illness. These imbalances can lead to specific conditions like hyponatremia (low sodium levels), hypernatremia (high sodium levels), hypokalemia (low potassium levels), hyperkalemia (high potassium levels), hypocalcemia (low calcium levels), and hypomagnesemia (low magnesium levels).

Treatment for electrolyte derangements involves addressing the specific imbalance and its underlying cause. This may include rehydration, oral or intravenous electrolyte supplementation, managing the underlying condition, and adjusting medications if necessary. It is important to seek medical attention if you suspect an electrolyte derangement or experience symptoms related to it, as electrolyte imbalances can have serious health consequences.

Close monitoring and management by healthcare professionals are crucial for restoring and maintaining proper electrolyte balance.

Polycystic kidney disease (PKD) is a genetic disorder characterized by the growth of fluid-filled cysts in the kidneys. There are two main types: autosomal dominant PKD (ADPKD) and autosomal recessive PKD (ARPKD). ADPKD is more common and typically manifests in adulthood, while ARPKD is rarer and diagnosed in infancy or childhood.

PKD can cause various symptoms such as abdominal pain, hypertension, changes in urinary patterns, kidney stones, enlarged abdomen, back pain, and kidney dysfunction. Diagnosis involves medical history, physical examination, imaging tests, and genetic testing.

Treatment focuses on managing symptoms, preventing complications, and slowing disease progression. This may include controlling blood pressure, managing pain, treating infections or kidney stones, addressing complications, and, in advanced stages, considering dialysis or kidney transplantation. Regular monitoring and close collaboration with healthcare professionals are essential for effective management and improved quality of life.

Lupus nephritis is a kidney disorder that occurs in individuals with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE), an autoimmune disease. It is characterized by the immune system mistakenly attacking the kidneys, leading to inflammation and damage. Around 50% of people with SLE develop lupus nephritis. The condition can affect the kidneys in various ways, causing glomerulonephritis, tubulointerstitial nephritis, and blood vessel inflammation. Symptoms may include blood in the urine, proteinuria, swelling, high blood pressure, and decreased kidney function, along with SLE-related symptoms like joint pain, rash, fatigue, and fever. Diagnosis involves a combination of medical history, physical examination, tests, and imaging. Treatment aims to control inflammation, preserve kidney function, and manage complications, using medications such as corticosteroids and immunosuppressants. Regular monitoring and collaboration with healthcare professionals are important for ongoing management, and early detection and treatment are essential for improving long-term outcomes.

End-stage renal disease (ESRD) is the final stage of chronic kidney disease (CKD) where the kidneys permanently lose their ability to function effectively. This leads to a buildup of toxins and electrolyte imbalances. ESRD can be caused by various conditions and is characterized by symptoms such as fatigue, loss of appetite, and fluid retention. Treatment options include kidney transplantation and dialysis. Lifestyle modifications and ongoing medical care are crucial for managing ESRD and improving quality of life.

Glomerulonephritis encompasses a range of diseases that cause inflammation in the glomeruli, the kidney's filtering units. Key types include IgA nephropathy, where IgA deposits lead to inflammation, membranous nephropathy with thickened membranes, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis causing scarring, membranoproliferative glomerulonephritis with abnormal membrane thickening, lupus nephritis as a complication of SLE, and rapidly progressive glomerulonephritis causing rapid kidney function decline. Treatment depends on the cause and may involve medications, blood pressure management, and close monitoring by a nephrologist to prevent further kidney damage.